PFAS is a group of man-made chemicals that repel water and oil, and resist heat and chemical reactions. These properties make them valuable for commercial and industrial use. Some PFAS are used to produce nonstick cookware. 

They can also be used in waterproof and stain-proof coatings, "leak-proof," coatings on food packaging materials, and fire-fighting foams. PFAS in drinking water can be introduced by industrial releases into the water, air, or soil discharges from sewage treatment plants, land application of contaminated waste, leaching from landfills, and the use of firefighting foams.

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Four types of PFAS were found in blood samples of more than 98% of the United States' population. These long-chain, PFAS can build up in the body and remain there for many years. After a reduction or stoppage of exposure, the levels will decrease slowly. * PFOS is perfluorooctane sulfonate. * PFOA is perfluorooctanoic acid. * PFNA – perfluorohexane sulfonate. PFOA, PFOS, and PFNA are all dissolved in water. 

Drinking water that has been contaminated is more likely to be exposed than other background sources. Food, packaging, and consumer products are all possible sources of PFAS. Ingestion of water or food containing PFAS is the main source of PFAS exposure. 

Boiling does not remove PFAS from water. It is not possible to be exposed to PFAS through household water uses such as washing dishes, washing clothes, or washing dishes.