London is now the home for the Government of the UK as well as the countries financial centre. London is nestled about the banks of the River Thames in southeastern Britain. The town of London was initially founded by the Romans in 43 AD and they controlled there up until the 5th century AD, when the Roman Empire fell. The Romans called the city Londinium and it had a populace then of about 50,000. It was a major trading port. Londinium declined during the 5th century because of recurring Anglo-Saxon incursions. In the 8th century it took over as the capital of the Kingdom of Essx. There have been numerous Viking attacks during the 9th century with a lot of suffering in that time. Danish colonists after that established themselves in the region bringing about a boost in trade and enterprises in the city. For the reason that prosperity and strength of this developing urban centre increased it attracted the attention from the Danish Great Heathen Army that took over the town and captured by King Alfred the Great back in 886. Right after the Norman invasion and defeating of England in 1067, the new King of England, William Duke of Normandy established the city's existing rights, laws and also liberties. He also constructed the landmark Tower of London. From that point in 1199, King John reinforced the city's self-government. From 1215 the city could choose a new mayor every year.

All through the 14th and fifteenth century, London’s shipping port evolved into a European heart for the delivery of goods, primarily a result of the commerce in textiles. From the sixteenth to 17th century under rule with the Tudors, London benefited from the centralized national politics as well as the greater maritime commerce which was continued by the Stuarts. During this time period London had 100,000 inhabitants and by the mid-seventeenth century the population had increased to over 500,000. By 1665, the city’s poor dwelling circumstances because of inferior urban planning were the reason for the Great Plague taking hold that killed around 70,000 people. In the following year, a major fire burnt down the majority of the london. The rebuilding of London took over decade to finish, with all the development of key works for example St. Paul’s Cathedral enhanced the appeal of the city. This resulted in London turning into the center of English social life with castles, halls, theatres and museums and galleries incomparable in other places. The city carried on growing, especially with the establishment for the Bank of England in 1694 that resulted in London’s growth as a major financial center.

The majority of current London arises from the Victorian period. The Industrial Revolution drew millions of people to London, significantly expanding the city with the inhabitants increased from 700,000 in 1750 to around 4,500,000 in 1901. The too high of a population density situations would result in the 1832 cholera epidemic along with the huge smell of 1858 resulting from sewerage issues within the heat. Following a steady period without a lot of change in the population of the capital started to decrease at the end of The First World War and dropped below 3.5 million in 1950. Encompassing suburban locations increased steadily in that time. Back in 1963 the city was divided administratively of the original London and thirty-two metro districts surrounding this.